4 files changed, 592 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/game.rs b/src/game.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4bedecc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/game.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+use rand::Rng;
+
+// --------------- maze grid ---------------
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Cell {
+    Wall,
+    Passage,
+    Exit,
+}
+
+pub struct Maze {
+    cells: Vec<Cell>,
+    width: usize,
+    height: usize,
+}
+
+impl Maze {
+    /// Recursive-backtracker perfect maze.  `room_w × room_h` is the logical
+    /// room count; the actual grid will be `(room_w*2+1) × (room_h*2+1)`.
+    pub fn generate(room_w: usize, room_h: usize, rng: &mut impl Rng) -> Self {
+        let w = room_w * 2 + 1;
+        let h = room_h * 2 + 1;
+
+        let mut cells = vec![Cell::Wall; w * h];
+        cells[1 * w + 1] = Cell::Passage;
+
+        let mut stack = vec![(1usize, 1usize)];
+
+        while let Some(&(cy, cx)) = stack.last() {
+            let mut unvisited = Vec::new();
+
+            for (dy, dx) in [(-2isize, 0isize), (2, 0), (0, -2), (0, 2)] {
+                let ny = cy as isize + dy;
+                let nx = cx as isize + dx;
+                if ny >= 1 && ny < (h - 1) as isize && nx >= 1 && nx < (w - 1) as isize {
+                    if cells[ny as usize * w + nx as usize] == Cell::Wall {
+                        unvisited.push((ny as usize, nx as usize));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if unvisited.is_empty() {
+                stack.pop();
+            } else {
+                let idx = rng.gen_range(0..unvisited.len());
+                let (ny, nx) = unvisited[idx];
+
+                // carve the wall between current cell and chosen neighbour
+                let wall_y = (cy + ny) / 2;
+                let wall_x = (cx + nx) / 2;
+                cells[wall_y * w + wall_x] = Cell::Passage;
+                cells[ny * w + nx] = Cell::Passage;
+
+                stack.push((ny, nx));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // ---- place exit in a far-away passage ----
+        let mut passages: Vec<(f64, usize, usize)> = Vec::new();
+        for y in (1..h).step_by(2) {
+            for x in (1..w).step_by(2) {
+                if cells[y * w + x] == Cell::Passage && !(y == 1 && x == 1) {
+                    let dist = ((y as f64 - 1.0).powi(2) + (x as f64 - 1.0).powi(2)).sqrt();
+                    passages.push((dist, y, x));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if !passages.is_empty() {
+            passages.sort_by(|a, b| b.0.partial_cmp(&a.0).unwrap());
+            let far_count = (passages.len() / 4).max(1);
+            let idx = rng.gen_range(0..far_count);
+            let (_, ey, ex) = passages[idx];
+            cells[ey * w + ex] = Cell::Exit;
+        }
+
+        Self {
+            cells,
+            width: w,
+            height: h,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn is_wall(&self, y: usize, x: usize) -> bool {
+        self.cells
+            .get(y * self.width + x)
+            .map_or(true, |&c| c == Cell::Wall)
+    }
+
+    /// Floating-point query — out-of-bounds is treated as wall.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn is_passage_at_float(&self, x: f64, y: f64) -> bool {
+        let xi = x as usize;
+        let yi = y as usize;
+        if xi >= self.width || yi >= self.height {
+            return false;
+        }
+        self.cells[yi * self.width + xi] != Cell::Wall
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn is_exit(&self, x: f64, y: f64) -> bool {
+        let xi = x as usize;
+        let yi = y as usize;
+        if xi >= self.width || yi >= self.height {
+            return false;
+        }
+        self.cells[yi * self.width + xi] == Cell::Exit
+    }
+
+    pub fn width(&self) -> usize {
+        self.width
+    }
+    pub fn height(&self) -> usize {
+        self.height
+    }
+}
+
+// --------------- player ---------------
+
+pub struct Player {
+    pub x: f64,
+    pub y: f64,
+    pub angle: f64, // radians, 0 = +x (east), π/2 = +y (south)
+}
+
+impl Player {
+    pub fn new(x: f64, y: f64, angle: f64) -> Self {
+        Self { x, y, angle }
+    }
+
+    pub fn rotate(&mut self, delta: f64) {
+        self.angle = (self.angle + delta).rem_euclid(2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI);
+    }
+
+    /// Apply a raw (dx, dy) displacement with wall-sliding collision.
+    /// Checks are done per-axis so the player slides along walls naturally.
+    pub fn try_move(&mut self, dx: f64, dy: f64, maze: &Maze) {
+        let m = 0.35; // collision margin — keeps the camera out of walls
+
+        let nx = self.x + dx;
+        if maze.is_passage_at_float(nx + m, self.y + m)
+            && maze.is_passage_at_float(nx + m, self.y - m)
+            && maze.is_passage_at_float(nx - m, self.y + m)
+            && maze.is_passage_at_float(nx - m, self.y - m)
+        {
+            self.x = nx;
+        }
+
+        let ny = self.y + dy;
+        if maze.is_passage_at_float(self.x + m, ny + m)
+            && maze.is_passage_at_float(self.x - m, ny + m)
+            && maze.is_passage_at_float(self.x + m, ny - m)
+            && maze.is_passage_at_float(self.x - m, ny - m)
+        {
+            self.y = ny;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// --------------- top-level game ---------------
+
+pub struct Game {
+    pub maze: Maze,
+    pub player: Player,
+    pub wall_texture: Vec<u32>,
+    pub floor_texture: Vec<u32>,
+}
+
+impl Game {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
+        let maze = Maze::generate(16, 16, &mut rng); // 33×33 grid
+        let player = Player::new(1.5, 1.5, 0.0); // start centre of (1,1), facing east
+        let wall_texture = crate::texture::generate_wall_texture(&mut rng);
+        let floor_texture = crate::texture::generate_floor_texture(&mut rng);
+
+        Self {
+            maze,
+            player,
+            wall_texture,
+            floor_texture,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn rotate(&mut self, delta: f64) {
+        self.player.rotate(delta);
+    }
+
+    /// Apply forward + strafe as a single combined displacement so that
+    /// diagonal wall-hugging is checked atomically (no two-step clip).
+    pub fn apply_movement(&mut self, forward: f64, strafe: f64) {
+        let a = self.player.angle;
+        let dx = a.cos() * forward + (a + std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2).cos() * strafe;
+        let dy = a.sin() * forward + (a + std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2).sin() * strafe;
+        self.player.try_move(dx, dy, &self.maze);
+    }
+
+    pub fn check_win(&self) -> bool {
+        self.maze.is_exit(self.player.x, self.player.y)
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/main.rs b/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d51fdfd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+mod game;
+mod renderer;
+mod texture;
+
+use game::Game;
+use minifb::{Key, Window, WindowOptions};
+use renderer::Renderer;
+use std::time::Instant;
+
+const SCREEN_W: usize = 640;
+const SCREEN_H: usize = 480;
+
+fn main() {
+    println!("=== DOOM-LIKE MAZE ===");
+    println!("Find the exit!");
+    println!("  W / Up    — forward");
+    println!("  S / Down  — backward");
+    println!("  A / D     — strafe left / right");
+    println!("  ← / →     — turn");
+    println!("  Esc       — quit\n");
+
+    let mut game = Game::new();
+    let renderer = Renderer::new(SCREEN_W, SCREEN_H);
+
+    let mut window = Window::new(
+        "Maze — Find the Exit!",
+        SCREEN_W,
+        SCREEN_H,
+        WindowOptions::default(),
+    )
+    .expect("Failed to create window");
+
+    let mut framebuffer = vec![0u32; SCREEN_W * SCREEN_H];
+    let mut last = Instant::now();
+    let frame_budget = std::time::Duration::from_micros(16600); // ~60 fps
+
+    while window.is_open() && !window.is_key_down(Key::Escape) {
+        let frame_start = Instant::now();
+        let dt = (frame_start - last).as_secs_f64().min(0.1);
+        last = frame_start;
+
+        // ---- input ----
+        let move_speed = 2.8;
+        let turn_speed = 2.8;
+        let strafe_speed = 2.2;
+
+        if window.is_key_down(Key::Left) {
+            game.rotate(-turn_speed * dt);
+        }
+        if window.is_key_down(Key::Right) {
+            game.rotate(turn_speed * dt);
+        }
+        // Combine forward + strafe into one displacement (prevents two-step
+        // wall clipping when pressing W+D / W+A near a wall).
+        let fwd = if window.is_key_down(Key::W) || window.is_key_down(Key::Up) {
+            move_speed * dt
+        } else if window.is_key_down(Key::S) || window.is_key_down(Key::Down) {
+            -move_speed * dt
+        } else {
+            0.0
+        };
+        let strf = if window.is_key_down(Key::D) {
+            strafe_speed * dt
+        } else if window.is_key_down(Key::A) {
+            -strafe_speed * dt
+        } else {
+            0.0
+        };
+        game.apply_movement(fwd, strf);
+
+        // ---- win condition ----
+        if game.check_win() {
+            println!("🎉 You found the exit!  Generating a new maze…");
+            game = Game::new();
+            last = Instant::now(); // avoid huge dt spike
+        }
+
+        // ---- render ----
+        renderer.render(&game, &mut framebuffer);
+        window
+            .update_with_buffer(&framebuffer, SCREEN_W, SCREEN_H)
+            .unwrap();
+
+        // Sleep the remainder of the frame budget (saves CPU).
+        let elapsed = frame_start.elapsed();
+        if elapsed < frame_budget {
+            std::thread::sleep(frame_budget - elapsed);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/renderer.rs b/src/renderer.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0792537
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/renderer.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+use crate::game::Game;
+use crate::texture::TEX_SIZE;
+
+pub struct Renderer {
+    screen_w: usize,
+    screen_h: usize,
+    /// Precomputed: floor_dist_lut[row] = perpendicular distance to floor at that row.
+    floor_dist_lut: Vec<f64>,
+    /// Precomputed: floor_bright_lut[row] = brightness × 256 for that row (fixed-point).
+    floor_bright_lut: Vec<u32>,
+}
+
+impl Renderer {
+    pub fn new(screen_w: usize, screen_h: usize) -> Self {
+        let half_h = screen_h as f64 / 2.0;
+        let mut floor_dist_lut = vec![0.0f64; screen_h];
+        let mut floor_bright_lut = vec![0u32; screen_h];
+
+        // Only rows below the horizon have meaningful floor values.
+        for py in (screen_h / 2 + 1)..screen_h {
+            let dy = py as f64 - half_h;
+            let dist = 0.5 * screen_h as f64 / dy;
+            floor_dist_lut[py] = dist;
+            let bright = (1.0 / (1.0 + dist * 0.15)).max(0.05);
+            floor_bright_lut[py] = (bright * 256.0) as u32;
+        }
+
+        Self {
+            screen_w,
+            screen_h,
+            floor_dist_lut,
+            floor_bright_lut,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Produce one frame into `buffer` (packed `0xAARRGGBB`).
+    pub fn render(&self, game: &Game, buffer: &mut [u32]) {
+        buffer.fill(0xFF00_0000); // pure-black ceiling
+
+        let half_h = self.screen_h as f64 / 2.0;
+        let fov = std::f64::consts::PI / 3.0; // 60°
+
+        for sx in 0..self.screen_w {
+            let cam_x = 2.0 * sx as f64 / self.screen_w as f64 - 1.0;
+            let ray_angle = game.player.angle + (fov / 2.0) * cam_x;
+            let rdx = ray_angle.cos();
+            let rdy = ray_angle.sin();
+
+            // ---- DDA setup -------------------------------------------------
+            let mut map_x = game.player.x as isize;
+            let mut map_y = game.player.y as isize;
+
+            let ddx = if rdx == 0.0 {
+                f64::MAX
+            } else {
+                (1.0 / rdx).abs()
+            };
+            let ddy = if rdy == 0.0 {
+                f64::MAX
+            } else {
+                (1.0 / rdy).abs()
+            };
+
+            let (step_x, mut side_x) = if rdx < 0.0 {
+                (-1isize, (game.player.x - map_x as f64) * ddx)
+            } else {
+                (1isize, (map_x as f64 + 1.0 - game.player.x) * ddx)
+            };
+
+            let (step_y, mut side_y) = if rdy < 0.0 {
+                (-1isize, (game.player.y - map_y as f64) * ddy)
+            } else {
+                (1isize, (map_y as f64 + 1.0 - game.player.y) * ddy)
+            };
+
+            let mut hit_side: bool;
+            let euclidean: f64;
+
+            // ---- DDA loop --------------------------------------------------
+            loop {
+                if side_x < side_y {
+                    side_x += ddx;
+                    map_x += step_x;
+                    hit_side = false;
+                } else {
+                    side_y += ddy;
+                    map_y += step_y;
+                    hit_side = true;
+                }
+
+                if map_y < 0
+                    || map_y >= game.maze.height() as isize
+                    || map_x < 0
+                    || map_x >= game.maze.width() as isize
+                {
+                    euclidean = 1.0;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                if game.maze.is_wall(map_y as usize, map_x as usize) {
+                    euclidean = if !hit_side {
+                        (map_x as f64 - game.player.x + (1.0 - step_x as f64) / 2.0) / rdx
+                    } else {
+                        (map_y as f64 - game.player.y + (1.0 - step_y as f64) / 2.0) / rdy
+                    };
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Fisheye correction
+            let perp_dist = (euclidean * (ray_angle - game.player.angle).cos().abs()).max(0.001);
+
+            // ---- wall slice ------------------------------------------------
+            let wall_h = (self.screen_h as f64 / perp_dist) as isize;
+            let draw_start = ((-wall_h / 2) + self.screen_h as isize / 2).max(0) as usize;
+            let draw_end = ((wall_h / 2) + self.screen_h as isize / 2)
+                .min(self.screen_h as isize - 1) as usize;
+
+            // Texture x-coordinate (uses Euclidean, not perp)
+            let wall_x = if !hit_side {
+                game.player.y + euclidean * rdy
+            } else {
+                game.player.x + euclidean * rdx
+            };
+            let wall_x = wall_x - wall_x.floor();
+            let tex_x = ((wall_x * TEX_SIZE as f64) as usize).min(TEX_SIZE - 1);
+
+            // Hoist: brightness is identical for every pixel in this column
+            let wall_bright_fx = {
+                let b = (1.0 / (1.0 + perp_dist * 0.12)).max(0.08);
+                (b * 256.0) as u32
+            };
+
+            for py in draw_start..=draw_end {
+                let tex_y = ((py as f64 - half_h + wall_h as f64 / 2.0) * TEX_SIZE as f64
+                    / wall_h as f64) as usize;
+                let tex_y = tex_y.min(TEX_SIZE - 1);
+
+                let color = game.wall_texture[tex_y * TEX_SIZE + tex_x];
+                buffer[py * self.screen_w + sx] = darken_fx(color, wall_bright_fx);
+            }
+
+            // ---- floor below the wall --------------------------------------
+            let floor_start = draw_end + 1;
+            if floor_start < self.screen_h {
+                for py in floor_start..self.screen_h {
+                    let floor_dist = self.floor_dist_lut[py];
+
+                    if floor_dist > 15.0 {
+                        // Far floor → just a dark pixel, skip texture & world calc.
+                        let gray = darken_fx(0xFF80_8080, self.floor_bright_lut[py]);
+                        buffer[py * self.screen_w + sx] = gray;
+                    } else {
+                        let fx = game.player.x + floor_dist * rdx;
+                        let fy = game.player.y + floor_dist * rdy;
+
+                        let ftx = ((fx.fract().abs() * TEX_SIZE as f64) as usize).min(TEX_SIZE - 1);
+                        let fty = ((fy.fract().abs() * TEX_SIZE as f64) as usize).min(TEX_SIZE - 1);
+
+                        let color = game.floor_texture[fty * TEX_SIZE + ftx];
+                        buffer[py * self.screen_w + sx] =
+                            darken_fx(color, self.floor_bright_lut[py]);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // ---- crosshair -----------------------------------------------------
+        let cx = self.screen_w / 2;
+        let cy = self.screen_h / 2;
+        let cross_color = 0xFF00_FF00;
+        for i in 0..=4isize {
+            if cy as isize - i >= 0 {
+                buffer[(cy - i as usize) * self.screen_w + cx] = cross_color;
+            }
+            if (cy + i as usize) < self.screen_h {
+                buffer[(cy + i as usize) * self.screen_w + cx] = cross_color;
+            }
+            if cx as isize - i >= 0 {
+                buffer[cy * self.screen_w + (cx - i as usize)] = cross_color;
+            }
+            if (cx + i as usize) < self.screen_w {
+                buffer[cy * self.screen_w + (cx + i as usize)] = cross_color;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Integer darken: `bright_fx` is brightness × 256 in fixed-point.
+#[inline(always)]
+fn darken_fx(color: u32, bright_fx: u32) -> u32 {
+    let r = (((color >> 16) & 0xFF) * bright_fx) >> 8;
+    let g = (((color >> 8) & 0xFF) * bright_fx) >> 8;
+    let b = ((color & 0xFF) * bright_fx) >> 8;
+    0xFF00_0000 | (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b
+}
diff --git a/src/texture.rs b/src/texture.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bdbb15c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/texture.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+use rand::Rng;
+
+pub const TEX_SIZE: usize = 64;
+
+/// Deterministic hash for coherent procedural noise.
+fn hash(x: u32, y: u32, seed: u64) -> u64 {
+    let mut h = (x as u64).wrapping_mul(0x9e3779b9);
+    h = h.wrapping_add((y as u64).wrapping_mul(0x517cc1b727220a95));
+    h = h.wrapping_add(seed);
+    h = (h ^ (h >> 33)).wrapping_mul(0xc6a4a7935bd1e995);
+    h = (h ^ (h >> 29)).wrapping_mul(0x5bd1e995);
+    h
+}
+
+/// Brown cracked wall texture — 64×64, brick pattern with mortar lines and fissures.
+pub fn generate_wall_texture(rng: &mut impl Rng) -> Vec<u32> {
+    let seed = rng.gen::<u64>();
+    let mut tex = vec![0u32; TEX_SIZE * TEX_SIZE];
+
+    for y in 0..TEX_SIZE {
+        for x in 0..TEX_SIZE {
+            let h = hash(x as u32, y as u32, seed);
+
+            let r = 105u8.wrapping_add((h % 50) as u8);
+            let g = 55u8.wrapping_add(((h >> 8) % 35) as u8);
+            let b = 22u8.wrapping_add(((h >> 16) % 25) as u8);
+
+            // Brick mortar every 16 pixels
+            let mortar = y % 16 == 0 || y % 16 == 15;
+
+            let (r, g, b) = if mortar {
+                (42, 20, 8)
+            } else {
+                let crack_hash = hash(x.wrapping_add(1000) as u32, y as u32, seed);
+                let crack_val = (crack_hash % 100) as u8;
+                if crack_val < 8 {
+                    // dark crack
+                    let factor = 0.30 + (crack_val as f64 / 8.0) * 0.25;
+                    (
+                        (r as f64 * factor) as u8,
+                        (g as f64 * factor) as u8,
+                        (b as f64 * factor) as u8,
+                    )
+                } else if crack_val < 14 {
+                    // light crack highlight
+                    (
+                        (r.saturating_add(25)).min(255),
+                        (g.saturating_add(18)).min(255),
+                        (b.saturating_add(10)).min(255),
+                    )
+                } else {
+                    (r, g, b)
+                }
+            };
+
+            tex[y * TEX_SIZE + x] =
+                0xFF00_0000 | ((r as u32) << 16) | ((g as u32) << 8) | (b as u32);
+        }
+    }
+    tex
+}
+
+/// Gray stone-tile floor — 64×64, checkerboard with grout and subtle colour tint.
+pub fn generate_floor_texture(rng: &mut impl Rng) -> Vec<u32> {
+    let seed = rng.gen::<u64>();
+    let mut tex = vec![0u32; TEX_SIZE * TEX_SIZE];
+
+    for y in 0..TEX_SIZE {
+        for x in 0..TEX_SIZE {
+            let h = hash(x as u32, y as u32, seed);
+            let h2 = hash(x.wrapping_add(2000) as u32, y.wrapping_add(2000) as u32, seed);
+
+            let tile_x = x / 16;
+            let tile_y = y / 16;
+            let is_light_tile = (tile_x + tile_y) % 2 == 0;
+
+            let local_x = x % 16;
+            let local_y = y % 16;
+            let is_grout = local_x == 0 || local_y == 0;
+
+            let base_gray: u8 = if is_light_tile { 115 } else { 95 };
+            let noise = (h % 15) as u8;
+
+            let tint_r = (h2 % 8) as i16 - 4i16;
+            let tint_b = ((h2 >> 8) % 8) as i16 - 4i16;
+
+            let gray = if is_grout {
+                base_gray.saturating_sub(30).saturating_add(noise / 3)
+            } else {
+                base_gray.saturating_add(noise / 2)
+            };
+
+            let r = (gray as i16 + tint_r).clamp(0, 255) as u8;
+            let g = gray;
+            let b = (gray as i16 + tint_b).clamp(0, 255) as u8;
+
+            tex[y * TEX_SIZE + x] =
+                0xFF00_0000 | ((r as u32) << 16) | ((g as u32) << 8) | (b as u32);
+        }
+    }
+    tex
+}