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@@ -116,6 +116,41 @@ message queue.  A GUI program is an app; there is no separate "process"
 concept — the app is its task plus its window.  The home terminal is app 0
 (window 0).
 
+## Binary
+
+A PE32+ file holding executable code that the kernel can load and run
+without being recompiled into the kernel image.  A binary runs against
+the kernel's exported interface, never by linking kernel state directly.
+Binaries come in two kinds, separated by **launch surface** rather than
+implementation: **CLI binaries** live in /bin/cli and run inside a
+terminal session (invoked by a shell, inheriting its input/output);
+**GUI binaries** live in /bin/gui and are launchable with no terminal at
+all — they own their windows — which makes enumerating launchable apps
+as simple as listing /bin/gui.  Every binary runs as its own task — a CLI binary's task is
+waited on by the calling terminal, a GUI binary's task owns its window.
+
+## System image
+
+The single dd-able FAT filesystem image the build produces: bootloader,
+kernel, /bin, /etc and seed content on one volume.  Imaging it onto a disk
+yields a complete installed system.  Binaries live on the system image
+under /bin/cli and /bin/gui; the shell finds them by scanning mounted
+volumes — no volume is privileged.
+
+## Loader
+
+The kernel facility that takes a binary from disk, places it in memory,
+and starts it.  Loading changes no address-space setup — binaries run in
+the one shared identity-mapped space.
+
+## Exports table
+
+The interface between a binary and the kernel: a versioned table of
+functions the kernel hands to a binary at entry (output, filesystem,
+memory, …).  The caller constructs it per invocation, so the same binary's
+output can be aimed at a terminal or into the shell's filter pipeline.
+All kernel state stays behind the table — a binary never owns a copy of it.
+
 ## Terminal
 
 A program that presents a command line in a window: a text terminal